| 1 | Describe basic terminology about endocrine, urinary and genital organs, |
| 2 | List the organs constituting the kidney and urinary tract, name them on cadaver and model, |
| 3 | Show and name the anatomy of male-female reproductive and endocrine organs on cadaver and model, |
| 4 | List the basic histological features of the excretory system and the histological features of the kidney, nephron and nephron sections, |
| 5 | List the histological properties of the ureter, bladder and urethra, |
| 6 | Explain the embryology of the excretory system and understand the importance of developmental anomalies, |
| 7 | Describe the histology and development of endocrine organs, |
| 8 | Describe the male genital system, histology of the testis, stages of spermiogenesis, its histological features and development, |
| 9 | Describe the histology and development of the female genital system, |
| 10 | Understand the importance of the congenital anomalies in the development of genital and endocrine organs, recognize the histological structures of these systems under microscope, |
| 11 | Understand the mechanisms of infiltration and reabsorption in the kidneys, |
| 12 | Comprehend the role of kidneys in regulating physiological changes that may occur in body fluid compositions, |
| 13 | Evaluate renal function tests, |
| 14 | Describe the classification, synthesis and secretion of hormones in general, |
| 15 | Describe the mechanisms of action of amino acid, polypeptide, protein and steroids types of hormones, |
| 16 | Explain the structures and classify the hormone receptors of amino acid, polypeptide, protein and steroid types of hormones, |
| 17 | Describe the structure, function and the mechanisms of action of hormones that regulate calcium and phosphorus metabolism, |
| 18 | Describe the structure, function and the mechanisms of action of pancreatic and gastrointestinal system hormones, |
| 19 | Define hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, how they occur and how they can be biochemically assessed, |
| 20 | Describe the biochemistry of pregnancy and the biochemical changes during pregnancy especially in hormone levels, |
| 21 | Categorize the hypophysotropic, neurohypophyseal and adenohypophyseal hormones, that are synthesized in hypothalamus, |
| 22 | Describe how hormone secretion from the hypothalamus and pituitary is regulated and how the hypophysotropic hormones transport to the adenohypophysis, |
| 23 | Define the structures of the Growth Hormone and prolactin, which are named as somatomammotrophins, the regulation of their release rates, their metabolic effects and the anomalies associated with these hormones, |
| 24 | Describe the structures of TSH, FSH and LH, which are named as glycoproteins, the regulation of their release rates and their metabolic effects, |
| 25 | Describe the POMC-peptide family; ACTH and lipotropin structures, the regulation of their release rates and their metabolic effects, |
| 26 | Describe ADH and oxytocin, which are named as neurohypophys hormones, their synthesis, the regulation of their release rates and their metabolic effects, as well as the anomalies associated with ADH, |
| 27 | Classify steroid hormones and have knowledge about steroid structure, |
| 28 | Describe the structures of cortisol, corticosterone, aldosterone, deoxycorticosterone, androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone, which are named as adrenal cortex hormones, their synthesis, the regulation of their release rates and their metabolic effects, how they reach their target tissues, inactivation reactions, and the anomalies related to cortisol and aldosterone, |
| 29 | Classify gonad hormones in men and women, explain the structures, regulation of synthesis and release rates of these hormones, how they reach their target tissues, their metabolic effects and inactivation reactions, |
| 30 | Describe the structures of adrenal medulla hormones (epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine), which are named as catechol amines, their synthesis, the regulation of their release rates, how they reach their target tissues, their metabolic effects, inactivation reactions, and the anomalies related to these hormones, |
| 31 | Describe the structures, synthesis, regulation of synthesis and release rates, how they reach the target tissues, metabolic effects, inactivation reactions of thyroxin (T4) and T3 hormones, which are called thyroid hormones, and anomalies related to the hormones, |
| 32 | Know renal functions, urine characteristics, composition and how to analyze them and interpret the analysis results, |
| 33 | Understand the chemical composition of normal urine, |
| 34 | List the parameters for routine urine analysis and interpret the results, |
| 35 | Recognize routine urine microscopy images and interpret analysis results, |
| 36 | Learn how to perform the oral glucose tolerance test using a glucometer, |
| 37 | Understand the mechanisms of filtration, reabsorption and expulsion mechanisms that take place in kidneys, |
| 38 | Evaluate the roles of kidneys in regulation of body fluid-electrolyte balance, acid-base balance and physiopathological changes that may occur, |
| 39 | Evaluate problems and diseases related to fluid-electrolyte and acid-base disruptions, |
| 40 | Evaluate renal function tests, interpret acute and chronic renal diseases, physiology and physiopathology of micturation that could be clinically relevant, |
| 41 | Explain the effects of hormones secreted from internal secretory glands (Hypothalamus, Pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Pancreas, Adrenal gland and gonads) in the body and interpret the physiopathological processes related to these glands’ over- or underactivity, |
| 42 | Explain and evaluate the functions of hormones related to reproductive physiology, the course of these hormones and their importance during pregnancy, |
| 43 | Reinforce the theoretically given information about the urinary system and the endocrine system by practical simulations. |